Brewing beer leads to production of many waste streams such as spent grain and spent brewer’s yeast. Efforts have been made to repurpose the brewer’s spent grain for use in animal feed, biofuel production, or simply compost, but in many cases, this spent grain ends up in landfills. However, researchers …

Did you know that fermented foods may help improve cognitive performance and directly impact the enteroendocrine system? But how is this possible? They affect hormones such as ghrelin (hunger signal), neuropeptide-Y, serotonin, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)(stimulates insulin production). This is possible through a bidirectional communication network, called the microbiota-gut-brain …

Fermentation practices date back many Millenia but remain popular today. Many fermented foods are traditionally fermented by the naturally existing flora, while others have defined starter cultures. However, many food products fermented in traditional ways have an unknown microbial composition. One study sought to determine the dominant strains of lactic …